Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, known as the heart of Vietnam’s history, is not just a tourist destination but also a treasure trove of rich cultural and historical values. Located in Ninh Binh, Hoa Lu was one of the country’s first capitals, where the Dinh and Early Le Dynasties were established, witnessing many significant historical events. This destination offers not only relaxation but also a chance to relive the glorious memories of the nation. This article by Meditours Ninh Binh will help you better understand Hoa Lu Ancient Capital.
The History and Development of Hoa Lư Ancient Capital
To better understand Hoa Lu, we need to revisit the heroic period of the nation’s history. In the 10th century, after the country was unified under the leadership of Ngo Quyen, the Ngo dynasty was established but soon fell into chaos due to power divisions. In this context, in 968, Dinh Bo Linh pacified the twelve warlords, unified the country, proclaimed himself Emperor, took the era name Thai Binh, and chose Hoa Lu as the capital.
Choosing Hoa Lu was a strategic move. Nestled among rugged mountains and surrounded by rivers, streams, and forests, it provided a favorable geographical position for defense. Dinh Bo Linh’s long-term vision helped solidify the nation’s independence while securing the stability of the new dynasty.
After the fall of the Dinh dynasty, Le Hoan succeeded and continued to maintain Hoa Lu as the capital. This era was marked by comprehensive development in economy, culture, and society. The Le dynasty implemented many policies to encourage production and trade, making Hoa Lu a brilliant cultural center in Southeast Asia. However, in 1010, Ly Cong Uan decided to move the capital to Dai La (now Hanoi), ending Hoa Lu’s role as the capital but not erasing the historical values it had shouldered.
Hoa Lu Ancient Capital is located in Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu District, bordering Gia Vien and Hoa Lu districts in Ninh Binh Province. It is also close to other famous landmarks like Trang An, Tuyet Tinh Coc, and Bai Dinh Pagoda. The area stands out not only for its natural beauty but also as a repository of valuable cultural and historical heritage. Every brick and every step on the historical paths is imbued with images of kings and national heroes.
The surrounding landscape is equally impressive, with towering mountains and flowing rivers creating a sacred and mysterious space. The local people have preserved and passed down traditional customs through generations, creating a rich and diverse cultural tapestry.
What makes Hoa Lu Ancient Capital unique?
When visiting Hoa Lu, travelers are immediately captivated by its ancient beauty and historical relics steeped in cultural significance. This is not just a sightseeing destination but a place to explore and learn about Vietnam’s vast historical and cultural heritage.
Annual Festivals
Visitors to Hoa Lu have the opportunity to participate in traditional festivals that showcase the national culture. These festivals are not only occasions to honor the contributions of kings but also act as a bridge connecting generations and preserving cultural values.
Dinh Tien Hoang Festival: Held to commemorate the great achievements of King Dinh Tien Hoang in unifying the country, this is the largest festival in Hoa Lu, attracting many locals and tourists. The solemn festival atmosphere is filled with cultural activities like performances, traditional arts, and folk games, bringing excitement and national pride.
King Le Dai Hanh Festival: This festival commemorates the great contributions of King Le Dai Hanh in defending the country and consolidating national independence. It’s a time for the local community to come together, exchange cultural values, and strengthen bonds.
Temples and Tombs of the Kings
The system of temples and tombs in Hoa Lu, the ancient capital, are prominent architectural works, reflecting the significance of the kings in the nation’s history. These places not only hold cultural and historical value but are also locations where people visit, pay respects and pray.
Temple of King Le Dai Hanh
The Temple of King Le Dai Hanh is situated in a solemn location, dedicated to worshiping the national hero who made significant contributions to the defense of the country. The architecture of the temple is ancient and majestic, showcasing the people’s deep respect for this great king. The rituals performed here not only serve as a remembrance but also remind everyone of the patriotic spirit and the responsibility to build the country.
Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang
The Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang is equally impressive, marking the historical memories of a prosperous era. Here, visitors will feel the solemn and sacred atmosphere and the deep reverence of the people for the king who suppressed the 12 rebel warlords, unified the country, and founded the Dinh dynasty.
Cao Son God Temple
Located on a small hill, the Cao Son God Temple is a place of worship for a deity revered by the local people. It symbolizes strength and power, bringing peace to the community. Visiting the temple, tourists can learn more about the legends associated with this revered god.
Princess Phat Kim Temple
Princess Phat Kim, the daughter of King Dinh Tien Hoang, is an essential figure in the nation’s history. Her temple is not only a place of remembrance but also preserves the cultural and historical values of the Dinh family. People often come here to pray for health and peace for their families.
Nhat Tru Pagoda
Nhat Tru Pagoda stands out with its unique architecture, which is built on a large stone pillar. This is one of the few ancient pagodas that still exists today, holding immense cultural and historical significance. The natural surroundings of the pagoda enhance the beauty of this structure, making visitors feel as though they’ve stepped into a mystical realm.
Hoa Lu Four Guardians
The Hoa Lu Four Guardians consist of four temples dedicated to the talented generals who served under King Dinh Tien Hoang and King Le Dai Hanh. Here, traditional ceremonies are often held to honor and give thanks to those who contributed to the protection of the nation. The cultural and historical values at this site are not only preserved but also promoted through community activities.
How to travel to Hoa Lu Ancient Capital
Visitors can reach Hoa Lu by various means of transportation. The distance from Hanoi is about 95 km, making travel to this area very convenient.
Bus: This is the most common form of transportation from Hanoi. Many bus companies operate the Hanoi–Ninh Binh route with frequent trips. Ticket prices range from 50,000 to 100,000 VND per person.
By Motorbike: For those who enjoy the freedom of exploring the roads, traveling by motorbike is a great choice. The trip from Hanoi to Hoa Lu takes about 2–3 hours, offering the flexibility to stop and take photos or explore scenic spots along the way.
By Private Car: Traveling in a private car is a convenient option, especially for families or groups of friends. You can easily reach Hoa Lu via the Cau Gie–Ninh Binh highway.
By Train: If you prefer to travel by train, the nearest station is Ninh Binh Railway Station. From there, you can take a taxi, motorbike, or bus to reach the ancient capital.
What specialties can you find in Hoa Lu?
Besides its cultural and historical value, Hoa Lu, the ancient capital, is also famous for its unique local specialties. Visitors here cannot miss the chance to enjoy dishes that carry the distinct flavors of Ninh Binh.
Ninh Binh Mountain Goat
Ninh Binh mountain goat meat is known for its delicious taste and is prepared into many attractive dishes such as grilled goat, steamed goat, stir-fried goat, and more. The meat is tender and sweet, often marinated with rich spices, providing diners with an unforgettable culinary experience. This dish is a must-have at feasts or festivals.
Ninh Binh Burnt Rice
Burnt rice is a rustic yet highly beloved dish due to its unique, crispy, and fragrant taste. Usually served with sweet and sour fish sauce, Ninh Binh burnt rice has become an indispensable part of the region’s cuisine. This dish is not only flavorful but also easy to bring home as a gift for loved ones.
Ninh Binh Fish Cake
Fish cake is made from fresh river fish, seasoned with rich spices, and fried to a golden crisp. This dish is often served with vermicelli and fresh herbs, offering a well-balanced flavor. Ninh Binh fish cake will surely satisfy those who love Northern cuisine.
Ninh Binh Mountain Snail
Mountain snail is a unique dish prepared in various ways, such as steamed with lemongrass, stir-fried with lemongrass and chili, or grilled. With its distinctive and delicious taste, mountain snail is not only a tasty dish but also a must-have at Ninh Binh banquets.
Ninh Binh Nem nam (Fermented Pork)
Nem nắm is one of Ninh Binh’s signature dishes, made from pork, wood ear mushrooms, and vermicelli and wrapped in banana leaves. This dish is often served with sweet and sour dipping sauce, offering a unique and appealing flavor.
Other Specialties
In addition to the aforementioned dishes, visitors can also enjoy other specialties such as Vu Dai village braised fish, vermicelli salad, and rice rolls. These dishes not only provide a rich culinary experience but also help you better understand the local food culture.
Activities to enjoy when visiting Hoa Lu Ancient Capital
Hoa Lu, the ancient capital, is not only a historical sightseeing destination but also offers visitors many exciting and engaging activities.
Exploring Caves: Ninh Binh is famous for its magnificent and beautiful cave system, including Tam Coc Cave, Bich Dong Cave, and Thuy Cung Cave. These caves not only attract tourists with their mysterious beauty but also hold fascinating historical stories. Exploring the caves will bring you unique experiences and the opportunity to take stunning photos.
Boating on the River: One of the most exciting activities in Hoa Lu is boating on the Ngo Dong River. You will experience the joy of gliding across the water, admiring the poetic and picturesque natural scenery. This activity is a must to fully appreciate the beauty of this land from a different perspective.
Mountain Climbing and Exploring the Primeval Forest: Hoa Lu is surrounded by majestic limestone mountains and lush, green primeval forests. Visitors can go mountain climbing or trekking to explore the untouched natural beauty of this region. These hikes will offer you new and exciting sensations while giving you the chance to immerse yourself in nature.
Visiting Ecotourism Areas: Ninh Binh has many attractive ecotourism destinations, such as Cuc Phuong National Park and the Trang An tourist area. These locations offer wonderful ecotourism experiences with diverse and abundant flora and fauna. When visiting these places, you will learn about the natural environment and ecosystem conservation efforts.
Shopping for Local Specialties: Visitors can shop for local specialties such as Ninh Binh mountain goat, burnt rice, fish cake, and more as gifts for family and friends. These dishes not only carry the essence of the homeland but also contain the love and care of the local people.
Experiencing Local Cuisine: When visiting Hoa Lu ancient capital, you will not only enjoy unique local specialties but also have the opportunity to immerse yourself in the rich culinary culture of this region. Restaurants and eateries here often serve traditional dishes made from fresh ingredients, promising to provide you with a delightful culinary experience.
Hoa Lu, the ancient capital, is not only a valuable historical and cultural heritage site of the nation but also an attractive tourist destination, drawing many domestic and international visitors. With its ancient, tranquil beauty and its rich cultural and historical values, Hoa Lu deserves to be an ideal destination for those who love exploring and learning about the country’s history and culture. We hope this article has helped you better understand the beauty and significance of Hoa Lu, the ancient capital, giving you even more beautiful experiences when visiting this land.
